Which of the following substrates would likely affect enzyme function if it were to accumulate?

Accumulation of substrates that affect enzyme function is primarily associated with inhibitors and products of enzymatic reactions. Inhibitors directly interfere with enzyme activity by binding to the enzyme, altering its structure or blocking the active site from substrate binding. When inhibitors accumulate, they can significantly reduce the rate of enzymatic reactions or stop them altogether.

Similarly, the accumulation of reaction products can also affect enzyme function, particularly in feedback inhibition, where the end product of a metabolic pathway can inhibit an enzyme involved earlier in that pathway. This is a common regulatory mechanism in biochemical pathways that helps maintain homeostasis within the cell.

Therefore, both inhibitors and the products of the reaction can have profound effects on enzyme activity when they accumulate, making the combination of these two types of substrates the correct answer. This understanding illustrates the importance of regulatory mechanisms in controlling metabolic processes and maintaining optimal enzyme function.